COFFEE/HEARTBURN
Many patients report that coffee produces heartburn. Recent studies show that this heartburn is the result of dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter and gastroesophageal reflux. (New England Journal of Medicine 303:122, 1980) Copyright Phylis Austin

DECONGESTANTS/HALLUCINATIONS
Several reports of hallucinations in children after the use of decongestants have recently appeared in the medical literature. Actifed was particularly mentioned. (British Medical Journal 288:1688, 1984) Hallucinations indicate an unwanted influence on the brain. Copyright Phylis Austin

CHLORAMPHENICOL/HEARING LOSS
Chloramphenicol is a commonly used antibiotic, even though it is well known that it has a toxic effect on the bone marrow. Studies have shown that applying it to the ear produces unwanted side-effects. Now a report of loss of hearing due to oral administration of chloramphenicol is reported in a 20 year old girl. She suffered diminished hearing in both ears, and follow-up for ten months showed the loss to be apparently permanent. (The Journal of Laryngology and Otology 98:523-525, May, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin

EGG/MEAT/HEART ATTACKS
Researchers have demonstrated a strong correlation between the use of eggs and meat and myocardial infarction. A group of patients with recent myocardial infarction were compared with a group of persons of similar age and sex distribution. The patients who had suffered heart attack ate eggs an average of 4.194 times per week, while the control group consumed eggs only 2.869 times per week. Meat consumption in the myocardial infarction group averaged 10.938 times per week; in the controls it was only 8.102. The study showed a clear relationship between meat and egg use and myocardial infarction. The researchers observed that around 99 percent of myocardial infarction patients used meat more than four times per week. The writers point to the much lower incidence of myocardial infarction in countries where dairy products are not so readily available. (The Practitioner 227:673-4, April 1983) Copyright Phylis Austin

EAR ACUPUNCTURE/ENDOCARDITIS
A 56-year-old woman went to an acupuncturist in an attempt to stop smoking. A small metal stud was inserted in her right ear, and became infected within five days. She was given two different antibiotics, but developed subacute bacterial endocarditis which required treatment for six weeks. (International Journal of Cardiology 7:62-63, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

BETA BLOCKERS/HEARING LOSS
Several reports of hearing loss due to the use of beta blockers for the treatment of high blood pressure have appeared in the medical literature. A 29-year-old man developed bilateral loss of hearing while being given a beta blocker. (British Medical Journal 289:1490-1491, December 1, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin

COLD BEVERAGES/HEART
A 31-year-old patient hospitalized with a myocardial infarction (heart attack) was given cold iced cola. Within 20 seconds he demonstrated changes in heart function. Previous studies have shown changes after the use of cold drinking water but the physicians who reported this case feel that the caffeine in the cola may have played a role in the elevation of the blood pressure and heart rate. (American Heart Journal 108(1054-1056, October, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin

COOLING/HEART DISEASE
Six hours of only mild cooling increased whole blood viscosity in healthy volunteers. The authors of this study point out that death rates from cerebral and coronary thrombosis increase as the air temperature falls. (British Medical Journal 289:1405-1408, November 24, 1984) This study illustrates the importance of proper dress. Copyright Phylis Austin

NASAL SPRAYS/PERFORATION OF THE NASAL SEPTUM
Two Boulder, Colorado physicians report that they have observed cases of perforation of the nasal septum after the use of nasal sprays. (Journal of the American Medical Association 253(14)2046, April 12, 1985 ) Copyright Phylis Austin

SINUS PAIN RELIEF/VIBRATION
A Swedish study reveals that 70 percent of patients suffering from sinus pain may receive pain reduction from mechanical vibration. In some patients the pain relief was total, in others it lasted at least three hours. The foam-covered stimulator produced vibrations at 100 Hz. The researchers observed that placing the vibrator in the midline of the forehead or in the site where it was felt most painful produced the best results. Patients were instructed to treat the area for 45 minutes twice a day for 30 days. Pain relief generally began within five minutes of beginning the treatment, and maximal relief was obtained in less than 15 minutes in most patients, although some patients required up to 25 minutes to obtain maximum benefit. Stimulating the deeper body parts produced the most effective pain reduction. Patients who suffered from chronic sinus pain required a longer treatment than did those with acute pain. (Ear, Nose and Throat Journal 64:163-167, April 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

PASSIVE SMOKING/HEART DISEASE
More people die of smoking related heart disease than lung cancer. A ten-year study done in California revealed that wives of current or former smokers had a higher death rate from heart disease than did women whose husbands did not smoke. (American Journal of Epidemiology 121:645-50, 1985) Tobacco continues to be the number one health hazard in the United States, causing or making worse a host of diseases. Copyright Phylis Austin

COMMON COLD
This article makes an appeal to physicians to educate their patients not to expect medications which are unnecessary and not worthwhile in the treatment of the common cold. The authors point out that little instruction is given in medical school regarding the proper treatment of the common cold and that medical practice has been influenced by "old wives tales" and manufacturers of pharmaceuticals. A study of prescribing habits revealed that 95 percent of physicians in one study gave one or more prescription drugs to patients who came into their office with symptoms of the common cold, and 60 percent of the prescriptions were for antibiotics, which are of no value in the treatment of a cold. Neither have they proven effective in the prevention of complications, which rarely occur without any treatment. (Antibiotics , however, can cause serious, even life-threatening side effects.) Aspirin and products such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, ect.) are recommended, but are not effective against the viruses which cause a cold (and may increase one's infectiveness to others as they increase the shedding of viruses in the nasal secretions). Rest has not proven to shorten the course of the disease, and those the cold sufferer associates with may have been exposed before symptoms appeared. Many patients report feeling better if they spend time out-of-doors rather than inside. A vaporizer or humidifier may relieve symptoms of nasal stuffiness; but no medication in the vaporizer is necessary. The increased humidity is sufficient to provide relief. Commercially prepared nose drops should be used with great caution because they may cause rebound. Saline nose drops may be prepared by stirring one-quarter teaspoon of salt in a cup of water. Antihistamines do not shorten the duration of a cold, nor prevent complications. Neither antihistamines nor decongestants have been proven effective in the prevention earache in children. Expectorants and cough suppressants should not be used. Expectorants have not been proven effective in suppressing a cough, and cough suppression may not be desirable. (The best cough medicine is a glass of water repeated as often as one coughs.) Vitamin C has not been proven to change the course of a common cold. Over-the-counter medications are of dubious value. If one ingredient is helpful the others in the combination may be in improper balance for effective results. (European Journal of Pediatrics 144:4-8, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

DECONGESTANTS/INFERTILITY
Decongestants, taken for allergies, colds, sinusitis, and nasal stuffiness due to various causes may reduce cervical mucus production to a degree that it causes women to be unable to become pregnant. (The Female Patient 10:79, June, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA/TYMPANOSTOMY
Tympanostomy, one of the most frequently performed operations in the United States today, is often done in young children suffering from otitis media. We now understand that this procedure may increase the risk of long-term hearing loss. The adverse effects do not appear for years later, making it more difficult to trace the hearing loss to the surgery. About 40 percent of eardrums show areas of atrophy five or more years after tympanoplasty. Seven to ten years after tympanostomy 25 percent of ears were deaf. The authors paint out that otitis media is extremely common in children but by the age of ten years the incidence of this decreases sharply. Over the past ten years the incidence of otitis media has increased dramatically, possibly due to antibiotic resistance. A few years ago adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy were used as treatment for otitis media but have now been shown to be ineffective. Antibiotics are not useful in cases of otitis media associated with fluid accumulation. Decongestants are often given but one study revealed that children suffering respiratory allergies who were given decongestants suffered symptoms longer than children given inactive substances (placebos). Antihistamines may not only induce behavior changes but may thicken secretions in the ear, reducing drainage. Corticosteroids are not beneficial in the treatment of otitis media. (Hospital Practice, May 30, 1985 page 51-61) Copyright Phylis Austin

MEAT/FATAL ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
A Loma Linda study reveals a positive association between meat eating and fatal heart disease in both men and women. Men in the 45 to 64-year old category who ate meat daily had a threefold greater risk than men in the same age group who did not eat meat. (Preventive Medicine 13:490-500, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin

NASAL CLEARANCE/HAIR SPRAY
Women who work as hairdressers have been shown to have a significant decrease in nasal mucociliary transport. This hinders the ability of the respiratory system to clear itself of foreign and harmful substances. (Clinical Otolaryngology 9:329-334, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

SNEEZING
Dr. I. Leonard Bernstein, an allergist-immunologist from the University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, reports that suppressing sneezes may induce damage to the ears, facial bones, cartilage and ribs. Sneezes are so powerful they may spray water droplets up to six feet at up to 100 miles per hour. (Modern Medicine, August 1985, p. 155) Copyright Phylis Austin

ASPIRIN/HEART DEFECTS
Infants of mothers who take aspirin during early pregnancy are at increased risk of heart defects. Aspirin taken during the first three months of pregnancy produced a two-fold increase in the risk of some heart defects. (New England Journal of Medicine 313(6)347-352, August 8, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/SHRINKAGE OF NASAL MUCOSA
People who exercise during colds often report a decrease in nasal stuffiness. A Japanese study has demonstrated that ten minutes of exercise produces a striking increase in norepinephrine and relief of nasal stuffiness. (Auris nasus Larynx (Tokyo)9:81-90, 1982) Copyright Phylis Austin

COLD MEDICATIONS/HEART DISEASE
The Georgia Affiliate of the American Heart Association has prepared a report cautioning physicians that cold remedies, often considered "harmless," may be more harmful than the cold they are given to treat. Phenyl-propanolamine and pseudoephedrine, found in many over-the-counter decongestants and cold remedies may cause high blood pressure and defective heart rhythms, which may even lead to death. Myocardial injury has been related to the use of phenylpropanolamine.. (Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia 75(3)176-178, March, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXTENDED WEAR CONTACT LENSES
Ophthalmologists, seeing an increasing number of extended wear contact lens problems, are beginning to take a second look at their safety. The lenses should allow tear solution, which carries oxygen through to nourish the cornea, but after prolonged periods of use the lenses become clogged. Oxygen supply to the eye is cut off. The lenses also become sticky and adhere to the eye, trapping bacteria. A hot blast of air, as from a oven or hair dryer, may cause a sudden water loss, cutting off the cornea's oxygen supply. The Food and Drug Administration is planning studies on the safety of extended wear contact lenses. Meanwhile, many ophthalmologists are recommending that extended wear contact lenses be worn for a maximum of one week before being removed for cleaning, and that they be left out at least overnight at that time. (Medical Tribune, January 22, 1986, p. 3, 13) Copyright Phylis Austin

NOSE DROPS/UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION
A group of 74 children, ranging in age from three weeks to two years, seen for upper respiratory tract infection were divided into three groups: one group was given saline nose drops, the second group received medicated nose drops, and the third group no nose drops. On follow-up there were no differences in the three groups. The authors of this study concluded that the use of medicated nose drops was not necessary in the treatment of rhinitis or upper respiratory tract infection. (Helv Paediat Acta 39:341-345, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin

TOOTHBRUSH/SORE THROAT
Bacteria on toothbrushes may be responsible for infections and long-lasting sore throat, according to Dr. Tom Glass, chairman of oral pathology at Oklahoma University School of Dentistry in Oklahoma City. He recommends the use of a new toothbrush every month to reduce this risk. He observed that the moisture in the bathroom, glucose from the mouth, and sucrose from the toothpaste provide a favorable environment for bacterial growth. Small cuts on the gums caused by the toothbrush allow entrance of the bacteria into the bloodstream. (Medical World News, March 10, 1986, p. 68) Copyright Phylis Austin

ANTIHISTAMINES/DECONGESTANTS/OTITIS MEDIA
A Canadian study reveals no significant benefit in administering antihistamine-decongestants in the treatment of otitis media in children. Eighty-two children were studied; 38 were given antihistamine-decongestant medications and 44 received placebos. There were no significant differences in symptoms during the course of the treatment, and no differences in the rates of fever, pain, runny nose or cough. Children given the medication appeared more irritable on the third day. (Journal of Family Practice 22(1)39-43, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXTRA HEARTBEATS
Many people notice extra heart beats from time to time and fear that they may have heart disease. A study presented at the 56th Scientific Session of the American Heart Association in Anaheim, California, revealed that extra heartbeats in otherwise healthy, asymptomatic persons does not indicate an elevated risk of death due to heart disease. Various studies have shown that as many as 75 percent of the population may have extra heartbeats, some even frequently. The incidence increases with age. (New England Journal of Medicine 312(4)193-7, January 24, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin

HEARTBURN/SLEEPING PILLS
Dr. William Orr, director of the Sleep Disorders Center of Presbyterian Hospital in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma reports that people who take sleeping pills may have more severe heartburn than those without sleeping medication. The sleeping pill overrides the normal waking reflex which allows the heartburn sufferer to clear the acid substance from the esophagus. Because the person does not awaken acid remains in the esophagus for a longer period of time. (Geriatrics 41(1)31, January, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

HEARING LOSS/DIET/NOISE/HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
Studies in 1964 revealed that hearing loss is not necessarily the result of aging. Harold C. Pillsbury, Chairman of the Division of Otolaryngology at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in Chapel Hill reports that the combination of noise exposure, high blood pressure, and a diet high in fats may be responsible for the hearing loss found in aging Americans. (Journal of the American Medical Association 256(3)312, 313, July 18, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

NUCLEAR REACTORS/CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA
A study of young people on Dounreay, Scotland, reveals a 10-fold increase in leukemia incidence in those who lived near nuclear reactor plants. (Medical Tribune 26(24)1, August 27, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

ANTIHISTAMINES/COMMON COLD
An antihistamine given to a group of boys at summer camp was no more effective in treating the common cold than was a lactose-containing placebo. (American Journal of Diseases of Childhood 81(4)530-533, 1951) Copyright Phylis Austin

COFFEE/HEART DISEASE
Heavy coffee drinkers (five or more cups per day) may have a twofold to threefold increase in risk of heart disease according to a study of 1130 medical students. The individuals in the study were followed for 19-35 years. The study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Aging and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, and was presented at the 58th Scientific Session of the American Heart Association. (New England Journal of Medicine 315(6)977-982, October 16, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

NOSEBLEEDS
Placing the feet and hands in water as hot as can be tolerated will control even the most profuse nosebleed, reported Dr. Jonathan Hutchinson. (Journal of the American Medical Association 16:64, January 10, 1891) Copyright Phylis Austin

CHOLESTEROL/HEARING
High cholesterol levels may lead to hearing loss. (Acta Otolaryngologica 102(5-6)372-381, December, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

HOUSE AIRING/SECRETORY OTITIS MEDIA
Opening windows in the home to air out the rooms appears to decrease the incidence of secretory otitis media (ear infection) in young children. Common colds are less common in those who live in well-aired homes. (ORL 49:254-258. 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin

NASOPHARYNX CANCER/MOBILE HOMES
A strong association between nasopharynx cancer and years of living in a mobile home has been demonstrated in a study reported by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Risk increases as years of mobile home living increase. (International Journal of Cancer 38:685-688, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA/HYPERACTIVITY
Otitis media is common childhood disease. A Denver, Colorado study reveals an association between recurrent episodes of otitis media and hyperactivity. (Clinical Pediatrics 26(5)253-257, May, 1987) One may conclude that foods implicated in hyperactivity might be involved also in otitis media. Copyright Phylis Austin

COFFEE CONSUMPTION/DEATH FROM HEART DISEASE
A study carried out at the Western Electric Company in Chicago suggests that men who consume more than six cups of coffee each day are more likely to die of coronary heart disease. The study included both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. (American Journal of Epidemilolgy 126(5)813-812, 1987) All these continued studies on caffeinated and decaffeinated drinks should tell us something important. We should bear in mind that caffeine is not the only toxic substance occurring naturally in coffee, tea, colas and chocolate. Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA (EARACHE)
A fascinating study carried out in Southampton, England revealed that when parents were allowed to share in the decision-making process when their child was being treated for otitis media, the use of antibiotics was far less common. Several recent studies have suggested that most cases will clear up in three or four days without the use of antibiotics, and simple treatment to provide relief from pain was adequate treatment for these patients. In this study involving 20 patients the parents were given a prescription for antibiotics, and told that they could fill the prescription and administer it if they wished to do so. The child was to be brought back to the doctor in 48 hours for follow-up, and if the parents had questions at any time they were permitted to call the physician. It was suggested that if improvement did not occur within 48 hours, the antibiotic be started. Out of the 20 cases 18 (90 percent) cleared without the use of antibiotics. One child continued having symptoms for four days and the physician suggested that the antibiotic be started; in the other case the child was scheduled for tonsillectomy, and parents were anxious to resolve the ear infection prior to surgery.
When the parents were interviewed in regard to their reactions to the program several stated that they thought antibiotics were used too often. Some who had children with previous bouts of otitis media stated that symptoms resolved after only one or two doses of medication, and the parents wondered if the antibiotic had actually been necessary. Most parents seemed very pleased at being invited to participate in the decision-making in regard to their child's treatment. (The Practitioner 231:1232-1233, September 22, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA/GLUE EAR/CHLORINE
Glue ear (seromucinous otitis media) may be caused by or worsened by chlorine in swimming pools. English researchers reported improvement in ear symptoms in young people on swim teams during the off-season, when their ears were not repeatedly exposed to chlorine. The conjunctivitis which often occurs in swimmers is evidence that chlorine is capable of tissue irritation. The researchers feel that the chlorine-induced irritation may be sufficient to block the eustachian tube. (Journal of Laryngology and Otology 102:55-56, January, 2988) Copyright Phylis Austin

SLEEP APNEA/ORGANIC SOLVENT EXPOSURE
Exposure to organic solvents may induce sleep apnea (episodes of cessation of breathing during sleep). (Journal of Neurology 234:152-154, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin

ANTIHISTAMINES/COLDS
A panel at the ear, nose and throat diseases symposium of the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh stated that antihistamines should not be given in the treatment of the common cold as they are ineffective. Rest, fluid intake and time are as effective in the treatment of a cold as is any type of antihistamine. Americans spend about $775 million dollars a year for physician prescribed antihistamines and much more for over-the-counter non-prescription antihistamines. (Medical World News, February 8, 1988, p. 36-37) Even worse than its cost is the recent finding that certain antihistamines increase one's risk for cancer. Copyright Phylis Austin

PASSIVE SMOKE/OTITIS MEDIA
Infants whose parents smoke are at greater risk of developing ear infections and respiratory illness, according to a Louisiana State University School of Medicine study. Almost 20 percent of the children of smoking parents were hospitalized for lower respiratory tract problems during the study, while only 4.9 percent of children of non-smoking parents required hospitalization. (Pediatric Research 23(4 Pt 2)288A, April 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

MILK INTAKE/HEART DISEASE
A study reported in 1980 suggested an association between lactose (from milk) and ischemic heart disease. A new study carried out in the Soviet Union reports that high milk intake increases the risk of heart disease. Those who drank three or more glasses of milk per day were 1.7 times more likely to have ischemic heart disease. (British Medical Journal 296:95-96, January 9, 1988) It is of interest that commercial and professional interests in the United States, the National Dairy Council and many universities advise that children and older women drink three or more glasses of milk daily. Clearly this recommendation is not in the best interest of good health. Copyright Phylis Austin

FIBER INTAKE/HEART DISEASE
A California study suggests that a high intake of dietary fiber may protect against ischemic heart disease. The chief sources of fiber in the U.S. diet are vegetables, fruits, and cereals. Earlier studies have shown that fiber reduces cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes, all of which are risk factors for heart disease. (American Journal of Epidemiology 126:1093-1102, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin

PASSIVE SMOKING/CHRONIC MIDDLE EAR EFFUSION
Children of parents who smoke are more likely to suffer from chronic middle ear effusion than are children not exposed to cigarette smoke. Children who suffer from repeated or persistent middle ear problems often undergo surgery in an attempt to correct the problem.
Increased rates of bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia are also seen in children who are exposed to passive smoking. These children suffer changes in their pulmonary function which may predispose to later respiratory problems. (Infectious Diseases in Children 1(1)5, January 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

NASAL DECONGESTANTS/IMPOTENCE
Men who use nasal decongestants on a regular basis may suffer impotence, according to Adrian Zorgniotti, M.D., professor of clinical urology at New York University School of Medicine. (Modern Medicine 56:282-9, July 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

AIR POLLUTION/LOUD NOISE/HEARING
A combination of loud noise and high carbon monoxide levels in the air may produce permanent hearing changes. Smoke-filled rooms and engine exhaust are common sources of carbon monoxide. (Science News 134(21)327, November 19, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

GROMMETS ("TUBES")/OTITIS MEDIA (EARACHE)
A 15-year study reveals no benefit from the insertion of grommets in the treatment of otitis media. In some cases, grommet insertion was actually shown to be detrimental. A group of children aged 4 to 10 years of age underwent insertion of a grommet in one ear. Examination 15 years later revealed tympanic membrane abnormalities in 70 percent of the grommet ears, while over half of the ears not operated on were normal. There was no significant differences in hearing in the two groups. (Clinical Otolaryngology 13:341-346, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

FETAL HEART ARRHYTHMIAS/MOTHER'S CAFFEINE USE
Pregnant women who use excessive amounts of caffeine may produce heart rate abnormalities in their unborn babies. An infant born to a woman who consumed caffeine during labor contained caffeine and the heart had an irregular heart rhythm. (British Medical Journal, March 4, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin

NASAL MEDICATIONS/CANCER
Patients who developed sinonasal cancer were shown to have been more likely to have used nasal sprays or drops than similar non-cancer patients. (Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 42:243-8, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

ASPIRIN/HEART DISEASE PREVENTION
Despite widely claimed benefits in the prevention of heart disease, healthy people should not take daily aspirin in the belief that it will prevent the development of heart disease, according to a report presented by Dr. Arnold M. Katz at the American College of Physician meeting. Dr. Katz, professor of medicine and chief of cardiology at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine states that while aspirin may be helpful to those with heart problems, there is no evidence that it will benefit those without heart disease. An increased incidence of sudden death and hemorrhagic stroke has been noted with aspirin use. Cardiovascular death rates were no different in people taking aspirin and those not taking aspirin in the study he reported. (Internal Medicine News 22(6)26, March 15-31, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin

HYPERTHERMIA/COMMON COLD
Cold sufferers who inhaled hot, humidified air for twenty to thirty minutes reported improvement in their symptoms. (British Medical Journal 298:1280-1283, May 13, 1989) This treatment has no known adverse effects if care is taken not to burn oneself, and may be repeated as often as desired. It is simple to do -- merely place a pan of water on the kitchen stove and inhale the escaping steam. Drape a towel over the head and pan to capture the steam if desired. Hot saline nasal irrigations will do the same thing. Use one teaspoon of salt to one pint of water and irrigate with a small ear syringe from the pharmacy. Copyright Phylis Austin

ANTIHISTAMINES/COMMON COLD
Everyone knows that if you have a cold you should take an antihistamine--well, maybe not. Several recent studies indicate that there is no benefit from antihistamines except a placebo effect (the person thinks he receives benefit, so he does). Furthermore, some pediatricians believe that antihistamines increase the risk of developing otitis media (ear infection) by thickening middle ear secretions. (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 7:216, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin

NOISE/HEARING LOSS
Approximately ten million Americans suffer from noise-induced hearing loss according to a report from the National Institutes of Health. Many people are unaware that noise may cause permanent hearing loss, and do not take steps to prevent it. Noise levels as low as 85 decibels (the level of a food blender or lawn mower) over a prolonged period of time are sufficient to cause permanent damage to the ear. Teenagers who listen to loud music are at risk of hearing loss. Recreational vehicles, chain saws, airplanes, and woodworking tools all produce levels of noise adequate to cause hearing loss. Ear protection should be worn to decrease the noise volume during the use of these items. Lower levels of noise, if sustained over long periods, may be adequate to produce permanent ear damage. Very loud brief noises such as firecrackers or shotguns may also cause permanent partial hearing loss. The use of some drugs increases the risk of noise-induced hearing loss. (Internal Medicine News 23(5)24, 25, March 1-14, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

ASPIRIN USE/KIDNEY DISEASE/HEART DISEASE
A recent report which claimed that the daily use of aspirin decreased the risk of heart attack was sufficient to start many people on the program. A follow-up study demonstrated that those who took aspirin on a daily basis were more likely to develop kidney cancer than non-users, and revealed increased rates of ischemic heart disease in the aspirin users. (British Medical Journal 299:1247-1250, November 18, 1989) Other studies have shown that the apparent benefit from aspirin was not real. Copyright Phylis Austin

CLUSTER HEADACHES/NASAL PLUG
A 64-year-old man who had suffered recurrent cluster headaches for more than five years observed that stuffing tissue up the left nostril produced an immediate improvement in his symptoms. He inserts the tissue for two or three hours at the beginning of a headache. (Headache 27:522-523, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Patients suffering from chronic heart failure are often restricted from physical activity by their physicians, in the belief that the additional strain on the heart will overwhelm it. Now a study from the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at Radcliffe Hospital demonstrates that a physical exercise program actually improves the patient's condition. The patients in the study had a decrease in symptoms and improvements in oxygen consumption. (The Lancet 335:63-66, January 13, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/HEART FAILURE
Dr. Jan Kellermann, director of the cardiac rehabilitation unit at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center in Israel reports that patients with impaired ventricular function and those who have chronic congestive heart failure can benefit from a regular exercise program. (Cardiology World News 6(6)30, June 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA/DECONGESTANTS/ANTIHISTAMINES
Otitis media (ear infection) is routinely treated with antihistamines and decongestants. There have been no studies demonstrating the effectiveness of these medications. (Pediatric Nursing 16(3)266-267, May-June 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA/COMMON COLD
Still another study shows that raising the temperature in the nose aids the body in recovering from a cold. Early data suggests that the treatment should be continued for about 30 minutes. Treatments may be repeated at about two hour intervals. (British Medical Journal 298:128, May 13, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin

COFFEE/HEART ATTACK
The relationship between coffee use and heart attacks has been debated for decades. A recent study from the Division of Cardiology as Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Oakland, California has demonstrated that as coffee use increases the risk of heart attack rises. (American Journal of Epidemiology 132(3)479- 488, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/HEART DISEASE RISK IN ELDERLY
Leisure time exercise in elderly people has been shown to increase HDL cholesterol levels, and may reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease. (Journal of the American Geriatric Society 38:847-854, 1990) Apparently we are never too old to benefit from exercise. Retirement is a good opportunity to increase your exercise. Copyright Phylis Austin

AMNIOCENTESIS/EAR INFECTIONS
A study of four-year-old children whose mother had undergone amniocentesis (withdrawal of the fluid from the womb during pregnancy as a diagnostic procedure) revealed that these children were more likely to have ear infections than infants not subjected to this procedure. They were also more likely to have hearing abnormalities. (British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 97:32- 40, January, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

ICE PACK/LARYNGITIS WITH COUGH
Vocal cords which become swollen during laryngitis with cough may be relieved by the use of an ice collar made by placing crushed ice in plastic wrap, and attaching it securely to the child's throat. (Cordtlandt Forum, October, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
A study from Oxford, England, suggests that certain patients with congestive heart failure benefit from exercise programs. Exercise has been forbidden in these patients in the past. (British Heart Journal 64(1)81, July 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

HEART DISEASE/MARGARINE/BUTTER
Those who are attempting to lower their risk of heart attack may have switched from butter to margarine. A recent Dutch study shows that both saturated fats (found in butter) and trans fatty acids (found in margarine and other artificially hydrogenated shortenings) are capable of raising LDL cholesterol levels. Furthermore, the trans fatty acids lowered the beneficial HDL cholesterol levels. This study suggests that individuals who wish to lower their risk of heart disease need to restrict their use of both butter and margarine, and of all types of fats. (New England Journal of Medicine 323:439, August 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

INDOOR AIR POLLUTION/ASTHMA/ OTITIS MEDIA
Indoor air pollution increases the risk that children will develop both asthma and otitis media (ear ache). (Laryngoscope 101:293- 296, March 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS ("HEARING THINGS")
Nineteen of twenty chronic schizophrenics had partial or complete relief of auditory hallucinations with the use of an ear plug, counting under their breath, or listening to a cassette player. The patients in the study were instructed to use the treatment whenever they heard voices. The cassette player seemed most effective, with 14 patients in the group reporting immediate benefit from the use of the recorder. (British Medical Journal 302:327, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

LIFE STRESSES/COMMON COLD
Undesirable life events may predispose to the development of a common cold. The researchers observed about a four day lag between the stressful life events and the development of the cold. (British Journal of Medical Psychology 64:35-44, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

EARACHE (OTITIS MEDIA)/ADENOIDECTOMY
A survey of the effectiveness of adenoid removal in the treatment of ear infections suggests that most patients recover without removal of their adenoids, and even chronic cases are not benefitted by adenoid removal. (Annals of Otology, Rhinolaryngology and Laryngology 100:226-230, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

NOSE BLOWING DURING COLDS
Heavy blowing of the nose, especially when associated with honking noises, may force the nasal secretions into the sinus cavity. (The Lancet 337:804, March 30, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

ASPIRIN/ACETAMINOPHEN/COMMON COLD
A group of volunteers inoculated with cold virus, then treated with either aspirin or acetaminophen demonstrated increased nasal swelling and obstruction, and longer duration of virus shedding than a similar group not given the medications. The group given medication also suffered suppression of the immune system! Earlier studies have shown that children given acetaminophen for relief of varicella infections suffered symptoms over longer periods of time than those not given acetaminophen. (The Journal of Infectious Diseases 162:1277-1282, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

NOISE/HEARING LOSS
Young children exposed to loud noise levels from video games, boom boxes, and earphones from personal stereo sets may develop hearing loss later in life.
Mild decreases in hearing ability may occur immediately, causing the child to increase the volume still more, resulting in more damage to the hearing mechanism. (Medical Tribune, April 18, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

STUFFY NOSE/HUMIDIFICATION
Are you suffering from a winter cold with associated stuffy nose? A Nairobi, Kenya physician has a suggestion to allow you to humidify your nasal passages while not being confined to standing over a pot of boiling water inhaling steam.
Dr. Gordon Brown suggests that you cut a strip from an old t- shirt and soak it in hot water. Tie the strip around your head, covering your nose. The strip may be remoistened every ten minutes or so, as it dries out. (The Lancet 338:522, August 24, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/HEART ATTACK
Middle aged men with ischemic heart disease who participated in regular light or moderate exercise decreased their risk of heart attack, while those who participated in such vigorous activities as jogging or squash had almost the same risk of heart attack as inactive men, according to an eight-year study of about 8000 middle aged men. The researchers conclude that vigorous exercise is not essential for cardiac protection; and regular, moderate activity is more effective in reducing heart attack risk. (British Heart Journal 66:384-94, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

SAUNA BATHING/COMMON COLD
Individuals who use a sauna regularly are less likely to suffer from the common cold than those who do not. It takes about three months for the treatment to become effective. (Annals of Medicine 22:225-7. 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin

LOW FAT DIET/WALKING/HEART DISEASE
A brisk daily 45 minute walk in combination with a low fat diet can greatly reduce the risk of heart disease. Seventy-two patients at the Pritikin Longevity Center in Santa Monica, California, were followed for three weeks. In addition to the low fat diet and walking program, the study group eliminated red meat, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol during the study period. Some of the diabetics in the study were able to stop all medication, as were some high blood pressure patients. They also averaged a 10 pound weight loss. (American Journal of Cardiology 69:440-444, 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin

EAR WAX
Many people accumulate cerumen (ear wax), which obstructs their hearing. A San Diego physician, Randy Oppenheimer, reports that mineral oil is an effective treatment for this problem. He recommends that a dropperful of mineral oil be placed in the ear once or twice a day, and a piece of cotton used to keep the oil in the ear. This treatment may be done daily for 7 to 10 days if there is a large buildup of wax in the ear, and may be done routinely to prevent buildup. He reports that mineral oil is more effective and less expensive than the commercially sold preparations for this problem. Persons with earache, discharge, or any possibility of eardrum rupture should not use any medication without approval of their health care provider. (Postgraduate Medicine 91(8)58, June 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA (EARACHE)
Otitis media (earache) with effusion (the escape of products of inflammation) is estimated to occur in about one-third of five year old children. Treatment remains controversial, and may include antibiotics, adenoidectomy, or the surgical insertion of ventilation tubes or grommets. A study of 117 children revealed that as time progressed there was a tendency to improve spontaneously. Earlier studies have reported similar findings. (Clinical Otolaryngology 16:354-357, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

HEART DISEASE/WOMEN
A sedentary lifestyle is a greater risk for heart disease than is high cholesterol or smoking. (Self, May, 1992, p. 45) Copyright Phylis Austin

CAFFEINE/HEART RATE ABNORMALITIES IN INFANTS
Infants of mothers who consume caffeine during pregnancy may suffer from caffeine withdrawal after birth. They may develop irregular heart rhythms, tremors, and rapid respiration. (Clinical Pediatrics, January 1993, p. 45-47) Copyright Phylis Austin

ASTHMA/PREDNISONE/OTITIS MEDIA
Children given prednisone to treat asthma are at increased risk of otitis media (ear infection) according to a recent study from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Researchers followed 86 children for six months, and observed that as the number of doses of prednisone increased, so did the incidence of otitis media. (Pediatric Research 33(4 Pt 2)117A, April 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin

HOSTILITY/HEART DISEASE
Hostility may increase the risk of heart attack, particularly in older males. People who react to stress with increased blood pressure and heart rate may damage the coronary arteries and the heart, increasing the risk of heart disease. (Mayo Clinic Health Letter 11(5)6, May 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin

NASAL RINSE
Sniffing salt water up your nose may be helpful in the relief of stuffy nose and nasal allergies. Stir one-quarter of a teaspoon of table salt into one cup of lukewarm water. Lean over the sink, hold the cup to your nose, and with the other hand, close off one nostril. Inhale the water into the open nostril, spitting the water from your mouth. Do the same procedure in the other side. Repeat the cycle several times. (Natural Health, March-April 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin

EAR PROBLEMS/LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
Early ear problems, such as otitis media, have caused great concern because of the belief that they lead to later learning difficulties. A study from St. Louis University School of Medicine indicates that while early ear problems may slow speech development, they have no significant effect on other aspects of learning or behavior. (Pediatric Research 29(4 Pt 2)117A, April 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

IRON/HEART DISEASE
Heart disease in men may be at least partially due to their higher iron levels according to a study from the Webb-Warning Lung Institute at the University of Colorado. Heart disease rates increase in post-menopausal women. They may have higher iron levels because they do not have iron loss with their monthly periods. It may be that we do not yet understand proper iron levels in the human body. (Circulation 83(3)1112-1114, March 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

DAY CARE/UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS/OTITIS MEDIA
Children placed in day care centers suffer more frequent upper respiratory tract infections and are more likely to develop otitis media (ear ache) than are children cared for in their own homes. (Pediatrics 87(2)129-133, February 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin

PERSISTENT EAR INFECTIONS
Some cases of ear infection (otitis media) do not resolve after treatment with antibiotics. Researchers in Finland studied a group of 22 children in an attempt to determine why certain children do not respond to the antibiotic treatment. Thirty-two percent of the group had ear infections caused by viruses, which are not affected by antibiotics. Eighteen percent of the children had bacterial infections with associated respiratory viruses. Even if the antibiotics had been effective in clearing the bacterial infection, the viral infection would have been untreated. One child had a bacterial infection which were not sensitive to the antibiotic given. The researchers suggest that ear fluid cultures should be done to determine whether an antibiotic will be effective, rather than just administering an antibiotic and seeing if it will work. (Journal of Pediatrics 116:697-701, May 1990). We recognize this as an advance in handling earache, but we believe the application of heat and other home remedies to be superior in the treatment of earache. Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS MEDIA
Antibiotics are typically given for otitis media (ear infection). A study comparing several treatment methods revealed that 81 percent of cases of otitis media resolved spontaneously without antibiotics. (The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Newsletter 20(5)9, May 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin

BAD BREATH/HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Brushing with hydrogen peroxide toothpaste may help to get rid of bad breath. (Health, September 1994, p. 42) Copyright Phylis Austin

FETAL HEART RATES/CESAREAN SECTIONS
When fetal heart rates increase or decrease during labor it may produce great anxiety on the part of obstetricians, and in some cases could even lead to caesarean section, believing that the infant is in distress.
Jan G. Nijhuis, M.D., professor of perinatology at University Hospital in Nijegon, the Netherlands, told the First World Congress on Labor and Delivery that proper evaluation of fetal behavior could effectively reduce the C-section rate.
He has observed three types of irregular fetal heartbeats: a "wavy" heartbeat may suggest that the fetus is sucking his thumb; a quickened beat may indicate an exercising fetus; and an almost undetectable beat may suggest a sleeping fetus. Dr. Nijhuis has observed that sleeping heart patterns may persist for about 90 minutes, even during labor.
Dr. Nijhuis points out that after birth if we see an infant sleeping quietly we don't awaken it to see if it is sleeping or in a coma. He sees no point in doing it before birth either. (Medical Tribune 35(15)8, August 11, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin

EAR INFECTIONS/SMOKE EXPOSURE
Children who live with smokers are more likely to have middle ear infections than those who live with non-smokers. The authors conclude that one-third of the cases of middle-ear infection in their study were due to smoke exposure. (British Medical Journal 298:1549, June 10, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin

MILK/EGGS/OTITIS MEDIA
Marcus Miller, M.D., of Pleasant Hill, Ohio reports that ear infections have been almost entirely eliminated in some of his patients by placing them on a milk- and egg-free diet. (Cortlandt Forum 7(9)64, September 1994) These findings agree with long-term observations of Drs. Frank Oski, David Miller and Calvin and Agatha Thrash. Copyright Phylis Austin

EAR WAX
One-half teaspoon of baking soda dissolved in two ounces of warm water and put into the ears twice a day for about a week will help to dissolve ear wax. Do not keep the mixture more than a week. (Consumer Reports on Health, March 1995, p. 34) Copyright Phylis Austin

ATHEROSCLEROSIS/STROKE/HEART DISEASE PREDICTION
A simple test you can do in your own home may predict your risk of developing atherosclerosis, heart disease, or stroke. Called the "ankle/arm index" (AAI), this test indicates the presence of blockages in the blood vessels.
The person being tested lies quietly for about 10 to 20 minutes. The blood pressure is measured in the arm and ankle simultaneously, and then the ankle systolic blood pressure is divided by the arm pressure. (The researchers usually take three different blood pressure readings, and average the results.) A ratio of 1.1 is considered normal, ratios of 0.9 or lower indicate blood vessel blockage, and risk of coronary artery disease. (Alternatives 5(23)184, May 1995; Medical Tribune for the Obstetrician & Gynecologist 2(10)15, May 18, 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin

HEART DISEASE/IMMUNE SYSTEM/VIOLENT MOVIES/TELEVISION
Duke University researchers report that watching violence on television or in movies may weaken the immune system and/or increase one's risk of heart attack. Subjects watching violence on television had increases in their heart rates and blood pressure, and higher stress hormone levels. The researchers concluded that the large amount of violence Americans are exposed to may represent a significant health hazard. (Medical Tribune 36(8)21, April 21, 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin

COLD SORES
The application of an ice cube to a cold sore blister may decrease inflammation and produce temporary numbness with pain relief. The ice should be held in place for two or three minutes, and may be applied frequently throughout the day. (Bottom Line Personal, August 1, 1994) ED - Longer applications, more than 20 minutes, help to heal fever blisters. Copyright Phylis Austin

WEIGHT GUIDELINES/HEART DISEASE IN WOMEN
Women who fall into the "normal" weight category for government guidelines are at increased risk of heart attack. Harvard researchers observed that women at the upper levels of the so- called "normal" range were more likely to suffer a heart attack than were women in the lower range.
A 1990 revision of acceptable weight guidelines raised what they considered acceptable weight levels. (Medical Tribune 36(5)4, March 9, 1995) Now we can see that the weight levels should actually have been lowered. "Average weight" is not necessarily ideal weight. Copyright Phylis Austin

FISH OIL/HEART DISEASE
Many are enthusiastically endorsing the consumption of fish or fish oils to decrease the risk of heart disease. A review of over 21,000 male physicians in the Physicians' Health Study does not support the claim that fish oil is beneficial. Four years of follow-up revealed no reduction in the rate of cardiovascular death, stroke or heart attack in those who consumed fish or fish oils on a regular basis. (American Journal of Epidemiology 142(2)166-75, 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin

FISH INTAKE/MERCURY LEVELS/HEART DISEASE
High consumption of mercury-containing freshwater fish may increase the risk of death from cardiovascular or heart disease according to a report from Finland. Many are now advocating the high intake of fish to reduce heart disease, but this report is based on a group of men in Finland, who despite a high fish intake, have exceptionally high levels of coronary heart disease. (Circulation 91:654-655, 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin

ANXIETY/HEART DISEASE
Anxiety disorders increase the risk of fatal coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death. Anxiety disorders include panic disorders and phobic anxiety. (Circulation 90:2225-2229, November 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin

CHEESE/EAR WAX
An ear, nose, and throat specialist reported that one of his patients with excessive amounts of ear wax eliminated cheese from her diet in an attempt to lower her cholesterol levels. To everyone's surprise her ear wax problems also ceased. (Medical Journal of Australia 163:448, October 16, 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin

WALKING/ELDERLY/HEART DISEASE
Walking more than four hours a week significantly reduces the risk of heart disease or death from heart disease in the elderly. (Journal of the American Geriatric Society 44: 113- 120, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

FIBER/HEART DISEASE
High levels of fiber intake from cereals, fruits and vegetables decrease the risk of coronary heart disease in men. Cereal fiber seemed to be the most effective. (Journal of the American Medical Association 275(6)447-451, February 14, 1996; Physician and Sportsmedicine 24(4)18-19, April 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

EXERCISE/CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Arterial blood flow is improved in congestive heart failure patients who exercise, possibly by increased blood vessel release of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide relaxes the arterioles, thus increasing blood flow. (Circulation 93(2)210-214, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

ANTIBIOTICS/COMMON COLD
Physicians are still prescribing antibiotics for the common cold, even though they are ineffective against cold-causing viruses. Lexington, Kentucky researchers warn that this unwarranted use of antibiotics may contribute to antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The physicians interviewed during the study indicated that they prescribed the antibiotics because of patient expectations and fear that the patient would be dissatisfied and go to another physician if not given medication. (The Journal of Family Practice 42(4)357-361, April 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

L-CARNITINE/ANGINA PECTORIS/HEART FAILURE/CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA
L-carnitine supplementation may prove to be helpful following a suspected heart attack, according to a study from India and the Department of Nutrition at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. Researchers observed less angina pectoris, improvement in heart failure, fewer episodes of irregular heart rates, and fewer deaths from heart disease in the individuals who took L-carnitine supplements. (Postgraduate Medical Journal 72:45-50, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

ZINC LOZENGES/COMMON COLDS
Zinc gluconate lozenges (13.3 mg. zinc) taken every two hours during waking hours will shorten the duration of symptoms of the common cold, according to a report from the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Cleveland, Ohio. Cough subsided in two days in the zinc group, but 4.5 days in the non-zinc group. Headache and hoarseness resolved one day sooner with zinc lozenges. Nasal congestion, nasal drainage and sore throat also cleared days earlier with the zinc.
Some in the zinc group reported nausea and/or a bad taste in the mouth. (Annals of Internal Medicine 125:81-88, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

FIBER/HEART ATTACKS
A high-fiber diet may reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (heart attack) according to a recent study of over 21,000 men. The consumption of each additional 10 grams of fiber per day reduced the risk of death from heart attack by 17 percent.
The researchers speculate that fiber may function as an anticoagulant.
The American Heart Association recommends the consumption of 25 to 30 grams of fiber per day, but the typical United States male consumes about 17 grams per day. (Circulation 94:2720-2727, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

NICOTINE GUM/HEART DISEASE
While nicotine gum may help a person stop smoking, its long-term use may increase one's risk of heart disease. Nicotine gum may produce hyperinsulinemia (abnormally high levels of insulin production) and insulin resistance. (Circulation 94:878-881, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

MEDITERRANEAN DIET/HEART DISEASE
A study from Lyon, France reports that the typical Mediterranean diet consumed after a person has had a heart attack decreases the risk of further cardiovascular complications. A strict adherence to the diet decreased the risk of a second heart attack, stroke, angina, pulmonary embolism, or death from heart disease by 76 percent. The control group was given a diet similar to the Step 1 diet of the American Heart Association, while the study group consumed a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids, and olive oil. The Mediterranean diet provides less than 35 percent of total energy as fat, less than 10 percent as saturated fat, less than 4 percent as linolenic acid and 0.6 percent or more as alpha- linolenic acid. The 600 subjects were followed for 27 months. (Journal of the American College of Cardiology 28:1103-1108, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

STRESS/HEART
Stress, physical or mental, increases the heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. These changes may cause damage to the heart in persons susceptible to heart disease, according to reports from the Henry Ford Heart and Vascular Institute. (Circulation 94:2402-2409, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

SNORING/SLEEP APNEA/MENTAL CONFUSION/HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
Snoring and/or sleep apnea may cause poor mental function in elderly persons, greatly decreasing their quality of life. A study of 1400 elderly French citizens revealed that women who suffer sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are more likely to suffer depression. Both men and women who suffer SDB and reported daytime sleepiness had deficits in abstract reasoning ability, poor memory, and reduced attention span. A few case reports have suggested that dementia may be reversible when SDB is properly treated.
A number of recent studies suggest that vascular dementia may be far more common than we have previously suspected; some wonder if it may not occur as often as does Alzheimer's disease. Blood flow in the brain is reduced during episodes of SDB. (Journal of the American Geriatric Society 44:1407-1409, and 1287- 1294, 1996)
Another study concludes that individuals who suffer SDB may have more difficulty controlling high blood pressure. Antihypertensive medications seem less effective in persons with SDB. (Journal of the American Geriatric Society 44:1295-1300, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

STUFFY NOSE/PREGNANCY
Many pregnant women complain of stuffy nose as hormone- associated changes may cause swelling of the nasal membranes, often most pronounced at night. It may disrupt sleep, and if severe, may be very troublesome. The use of medication may bring unwanted risks to the fetus. The women in this study group who were given nasal dilators reported significant relief their difficulties. (Journal of Reproductive Medicine 41:897-902, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

OTITIS (EARACHE) IN CHILDREN/ALLERGY
Dr. Joseph Mercola of Schaumburg, Illinois, writes that food allergy is the most important cause of otitis in children. He has treated hundreds of cases of earache in children and always begins with the elimination of milk and cheese. He states that in his practice milk is responsible for nearly half of the earaches he treats. (Family Practice News 26(19)12-13, October 1, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin

SINUSITIS/ANTIBIOTICS
Antibiotics did not improve acute maxillary sinusitis any more than a placebo pill in a study of 214 adult sinusitis sufferers. Those given the placebo did not have higher rates of complication or recurrent episodes. The authors conclude that sinusitis patients may be treated symptomatically, without the use of antibiotics. (The Lancet 349:683-87, March 8, 1997) Copyright Phylis Austin