CROHN'S DISEASE/ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Crohn's disease limited to the colon has been shown to be more
frequent in women who had taken oral contraceptives in the year
prior to the development of symptoms according to a British study.
Previous reports have suggested a relationship between oral
contraceptives and colitis, and this study supports those reports.
Women who developed colitis improved after discontinuation of the
medication. (British Medical Journal 288:595-596, February 25,
1984) No hormone is without some hazard. Copyright Phylis Austin
APPENDECTOMY/CANCER
Patients who die of cancer, particularly carcinoma of the colon,
breast or ovary, or lymphoma or leukemia are twice as likely as the
normal population to have had an appendectomy. In most cases
studied the appendix had been removed during childhood or early
adulthood. Up until about the age of 30, the appendix is richly
endowed with lymphoid tissue, which researchers feel may be an
antibody producing tissue. For this reason, Dr. Howard Bierman,
director of the Institute for Cancer and Blood Diseases at Loma
Linda University School of Medicine suggests that persons who had
their appendix removed (for other than acute disease) before the
age of 30 be more carefully watched for signs of cancer.
Dr. Bierman reported that 42 percent of the persons in his study
dying of cancer of the col;on had undergone appendectomy, as had 62
percent of those dying with cancer of the breast and 84 percent of
those dying with cancer of the ovary. The average age for
appendectomy was 27; the average age at death was 55 years.
(Medical World News, March 18, 1966, p. 108) Copyright Phylis Austin
MILK/CONSTIPATION
Consumption of cow's milk is a very common cause of constipation in
people of all ages. Young women regained normal bowel habits by
eliminating milk, and on adding milk back to the diet, constipation
returned. Elderly people using milk develop obstipation and fecal
impactions which were treated by eliminating milk and adding fruits
and vegetables to the diet for fiber. (Journal of the American
Medical Association, 230(4)538-539, October 28, 1974) Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN INFANTS/COW'S MILK
Fifty-percent of a group of infants studied for iron-deficiency
anemia demonstrated gastrointestinal bleeding due to the ingestion
of whole cow's milk. These babies showed an abnormal decrease in
the amount of protein and copper in the blood. Their fecal blood
loss was 1.7 ml per day, compared to 3.1 ml per day on a soya milk
substitute. Increasing the amount of cow's milk the babies
consumed increased the fecal blood loss. (Journal of Pediatrics
84:335, March 1974) Copyright Phylis Austin
COLA BEVERAGES/ULCERS
A study of eleven ulcer patients revealed that cola-type drinks
increase acid levels in the duodenum, an unwanted effect in ulcer
patients. (Gut 25:386, April 1984). Even healthy persons may
respond in the same way, and cola drinks may increase the risk of
ulcer development. Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING/GASTRODUODENITIS/MILK
Infants with cow's milk protein intolerance may suffer bleeding
from the gastrointestinal tract and inflammation of the stomach or
duodenum. Symptoms may be severe enough to induce anemia. (Journal
of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 3(2)215-218, 1984)
Breast milk is the food of choice for infants. Copyright Phylis Austin
ACUTE PANCREATITIS/FASTING
A group of 88 patients with acute pancreatitis were randomly
assigned to one of three treatment groups--suction with a tube down
the nose into the stomach, cimetidine medication (Tagamet), or
fasting. For years treatment of acute pancreatitis has consisted
of the stomach suction, mineral and fluid replacement, and pain
medications. In this study patients placed on suction demonstrated
a delay in the return of normal bowel activity, increased need for
pain medication, and a longer hospital stay than did the patients
treated with simple fasting. It was shown that cimetidine (used in
peptic ulcer) has no beneficial effect in acute pancreatitis.
Fasting is the simpler, cheaper, safer and more effective method of
treating pancreatitis. Complications in the three groups were
greater in the suction and cimetidine groups than in the fasting
group.
The authors caution that any patient who develops intestinal
paralysis must be placed on nasogastric suction as metabolic
toxicity will develop. (Digestion 30:224-230, 1984) But it should
be pointed out that bowel paralysis is far more likely to occur
with pharmacologic pain killers than with physical means of
controlling pain such as ice bags, massage, hot water bottles or
heating pads.) Copyright Phylis Austin
FOOD ALLERGY/INFANT COLITIS
Inflammation of the colon in infants is most frequently due to food
allergy. Colitis may appear soon after foods other than breast
milk are introduced. Cow's milk is the most frequent offender, but
soy and beef should be suspect. (Archives of Disease in Childhood
59(4)326-329, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin
VALPROIC ACID/DEPAKENE/LIVER DAMAGE/PANCREATITIS
Children who are given Depakene (valproic acid) to treat epilepsy
may suffer extensive liver damage or pancreatitis (inflammation of
the pancreas). Some fatal liver inflammations have been linked to
Depakene. The researches feel that Depakene should not be
prescribed for children unless other measures fail. (American
Journal of Diseases of Children 138:912, October, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin
SUGAR/GALLSTONES
Refined sugar has been shown to increase the risk of gallstone
formation, particularly in young persons, even in those who are not
overweight. The mechanism is not yet understood, but a high sugar
intake may stimulate insulin production. Insulin stimulates the
synthesis of cholesterol. A high level of cholesterol in the bile
may encourage gallstone production. (British Medical Journal
288:1103-1104, April 14, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/ANIMAL PROTEIN
Substituting vegetable protein for animal protein may reduce
gallstone formation. Casein, a milk protein, induced gallstones in
100 percent of hamsters, but soy or cottonseed protein produces
gallstones in only 32 and 0 percent of hamsters respectively.
(Lipids 19(1)5-10, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin
SALT INTAKE/GASTRIC CANCER
A study supported by the National Cancer Institute has revealed
that higher sodium excretion levels are found in populations with
higher rates of gastric cancer. (Journal of Cancer Research and
Clinical Oncology 109:42-45, 1985) There appear to be more
advantages to salt limitation than blood pressure control. Copyright Phylis Austin
APPLE JUICE/DIARRHEA
Children who suffer from chronic diarrhea may present a difficult
diagnostic problem for physicians. Two Connecticut physicians have
observed that apple juice may induce diarrhea in some children. The
five children in the study demonstrated carbohydrate malabsorption.
Stopping the intake of apple juice cured the diarrhea. (American
Journal of Diseases of Children 139:503-505, May, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
FIBER/APPENDICITIS IN CHILDREN
A study of almost 350 children revealed that as fiber intake
increased, the risk of appendicitis decreased. Children whose
intake of whole-grain foods was in the upper fiftieth percentile
showed a 50 per cent lower risk of appendicitis. (American Journal
of Public Health 75:399-400, 1985) In countries of the world where
a natural diet is taken without refined grains and sugars,
appendicitis is an unknown disease. Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST FEEDING/DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
Infants who developed diarrhea, but were kept on breast milk passed
fewer diarrheal stools, required less rehydration fluid, and
recovered more quickly than those fed other formulas. The authors
of this study done in Burma state that breast feeding has a
beneficial effect on acute diarrhea. (British Medical Journal
270:587-589, February 23, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/MARGARINE
Professor E. Guthy of the City Hospital in Weiden, West Germany
reports that margarine and chocolate creams may induce or worsen
Crohn's disease. He reports that Crohn's disease is much more
frequent in countries where margarine consumption is high, and low
in countries where little margarine is used. After 1920 when
hydrogenation of fats began in Germany the incidence of Crohn's
disease increased. When butter replaced margarine use under Third
Reich food policies Crohn's incidence decreased. Dr. Guthy
cautions that margarine is frequently used in food preparation in
cafeterias and that Crohn's patients should avoid eating in these
establishments. Patients also need to be cautious in the use of
rectal suppositories which are often made with hydrogenated fats.
(Hospital Tribune, May 8, 1985, page 2) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST FEEDING/GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS
Infants fed formula are at six times the risk of developing acute
gastrointestinal disease than are breast-fed infants according to
a new Michigan study. (American Journal of Public Health
75:477-480, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
BAKING SODA/STOMACH RUPTURE
At least five cases of stomach rupture have been traced to the use
of baking soda as a remedy for digestive disturbances (Annals of
Internal Medicine 101:649-650, 1984) Charcoal powder is much more
effective and runs no risk of overstretching the stomach. In fact,
it actually counteracts gas. Copyright Phylis Austin
SALICYLATES (ASPIRIN)/HEPATITIS
Children given large doses of aspirin to treat rheumatic fever may
suffer hepatitis (inflammation of the liver). The salicylate levels
found in these patients have in the past been considered nontoxic.
The hepatitis may occur as early as the second week of therapy.
(American Journal of Diseases of Children 139: 453-455, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
CAFFEINE/INDIGESTION/PALPITATIONS/TREMOR/HEADACHE/INSOMNIA
An Australian study revealed that as the intake of caffeine
increased so did the reported incidence of indigestion,
palpitations (rapid heart beat), tremor, headache, and sleep
difficulty. (International Journal of Epidemiology 14(2)239-248,
1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
TRAVELER'S DIARRHEA/ANTIBIOTICS
For years people traveling to foreign countries have taken
antibiotics to prevent "tourista" or traveler's diarrhea. A
National Institute of Health panel has recommended that travelers
practice preventive hygiene and dietary measures to prevent
traveler's diarrhea. They state that a large part of the traveling
population is placed at risk of serious side effects to prevent a
non-life threatening disease, which occurs in only a small portion
of travelers. The panel states that traveler's diarrhea in
generally self-limited and most cases last only three to four days.
Symptoms include abdominal cramping, nausea, urgency, fever,
malaise and bloating in addition to diarrhea. Food obtained from
street vendors is associated with the highest risk of infection;
foods prepared by the traveler himself with the least risk. Raw
vegetables and fruits, raw meats and seafood, ice, tapwater, and
dairy products are the most risky. (International Medicine News,
March 15-31, 1985, page 62) Copyright Phylis Austin
ANTIHISTAMINES/PYLORIC STENOSIS
Mothers who take antihistamines may increase the risk of pyloric
stenosis (narrowing of the pylorus) in their infants. Bendectin,
which has been taken off the market because of the abnormalities it
induced in infants, contained antihistamine. Even though Bendectin
is no longer used, antihistamines continue to be widely used during
pregnancy. Women of child-bearing age should be aware of this
association. (American Journal of Epidemiology 122(1)196-197, July,
1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/SMOKING/CROHN'S DISEASE
British researchers have discovered a link between the use of
refined sugar, smoking, and Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease
patients demonstrate a high intake of refined sugar and a low
intake of fiber from fruits. Smoking also appears to increase the
risk of Crohn's disease. (British Medical Journal 290:1786-1787,
June 15, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/PEPTIC ULCER
Traditionally bland, low-fiber diets have been prescribed for those
suffering peptic ulcers. Newer research suggests that not only is
a low-fiber diet unnecessary and ineffective for this condition,
but it may be a contributing factor in producing it. Dr. T. L.
Cleave, as early as 1956, stated that refined carbohydrates may be
the major cause of duodenal ulcer. Copyright Phylis Austin
EXERCISE-INDUCED DIARRHEA
Many athletes develop diarrhea after running. Dr. George Sheehan of
New Jersey reports that exercise-induced diarrhea is almost always
due to food allergy, and suggests the elimination of milk, eggs,
and wheat from the diet. A five day trial of applesauce, rice and
seltzer-water will produce relief of diarrhea if it is due to food
allergy. After improvement the runner may gradually reintroduce
vegetables, fruits (other than citrus), then citrus, meat, wheat,
eggs, and dairy products last. Some runners prove to be sensitive
to monosodium glutamate or gluten. (The Physician and Sports
Medicine 13(8)20,,August, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/PEPTIC ULCER
Dietary risk factors for chronic peptic ulcer disease include low
fiber intake, smoking, and rapid eating (American Journal of
Epidemiology 122(3)546, September, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
COWS MILK/SOY MILK/GOATS MILK/ECZEMA/DIARRHEA
An infant being breast fed and given no other foods developed
diarrhea and eczema when his mother drank either goat's milk or
cow's milk. If she drank soy milk he developed only eczema. (Acta
Paediatr Scand 74:467-468, 1985) This points out that breast
feeding mothers need to be careful of their own diets as allergens
may be passed to infants via the breast milk. Copyright Phylis Austin
BIRTH CONTROL PILLS/CROHN'S DISEASE
Several recent studies have suggested a high risk of inflammatory
disease in women who use oral contraceptives. One study revealed a
twofold greater incidence of Crohn's disease in oral contraceptive
users than in nonusers; another study revealed a 40 percent larger
incidence in oral contractive users. Risk decreases after oral
contraceptives are stopped, disappearing after about four years.
The longer the oral contraceptives are used, the greater the risk.
(Gastroenterology 89:1046-1049, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/DIET
Two studies reported here suggest that Crohn's disease patients may
benefit greatly from dietary treatment. Surgery, corticosteroids
and immunosuppressive drugs are all used, sometimes ineffectively,
in the treatment of Crohn's disease. In these studies patients were
tested for food allergies and given a diet free of foods they were
sensitive to. During a 51 month follow-up period, 51 of 77 patients
did well on diet alone. (The Lancet 2:177-180, July 27, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
OVEREATING/ASTHMA
An association between overeating and asthma attacks was reported
by William Osler in 1880. Recent laboratory studies indicate that
overeating, which causes distention of the stomach, induces
respiratory changes which are compatable with broncho-constriction.
(Journal of Asthma 22(4)191-193, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
RECTAL (ANAL ITCHING
Rectal itching is a common problem, but most cases are easily
managed with a few simple steps. Many persons who suffer this
annoying problem have been overly zealous in keeping this area
clean, and must avoid irritating soaps and toilet tissue. The area
should be washed gently with plain water, without soap, after each
bowel movement. If the bowel movement produces itching a small warm
enema may bring relief. Placing a small piece of cotton against the
anus will assist in keeping the area dry. Talcum powder or
cornstarch may be applied around the anus to assist in keeping the
area dry. Copyright Phylis Austin
PRENATAL CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTS/GALLSTONES IN
INFANTS
Calcium supplements during pregnancy may induce gallstones in
infants and young children. The two year-old daughter of a woman
given calcium carbonate and vitamin D during the last four months
of the pregnancy required surgical removal of gallstones which were
found to be made up entirely of calcium carbonate. This is the
first case reported of pure calcium carbonate gallstones. (Journal
of Pediatric Surgery 20:143-144, April, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
MEAL TIMING/WEIGHT CONTROL
A Louisiana study of 595 subjects revealed that adjustments in meal
timing, with essentially no reduction in calorie intake, resulted
in weight loss. Patients were told to eat their heavy meal in the
morning, take a moderate lunch, and a light (or no) supper. Noon
lunch was ideally the last meal of the day, but no food was to be
taken after 3:00 P.M. Subjects were not permitted to go to bed for
at least 8 1/2 hours after the last food of the day. All patients
who followed the program lost weight. Those who ate only breakfast
averaged a loss of 10 pounds per month. Those who ate breakfast,
lunch, and consumed snacks lost 5 to 6 pounds a month. No adverse
effects were reported on the diet plan. Patients who had been
taking thyroid medication reported a reduction in their medication
requirements, while diabetics who lost 30 pounds or more showed a
more normal blood sugar level. Hemoglobin levels increased in
subjects who lost 20 to 30 pounds. (Journal of the Louisiana State
Medical Society 137(6)35-38, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
HEPATITIS/SELDANE
A 43-year-old woman developed jaundice (yellowing of the skin) and
weakness while taking terfenadine (Seldane), an antihistamine
prescribed for recurrent bouts of hives. Liver tests were abnormal,
but she did not appear to have infectious hepatitis (inflammation
of the liver). She used terfenadine intermittently over the next
seven months, and had two more episodes of weakness, jaundice and
abnormal liver function. Terfenadine was stopped after the third
episode of jaundice, and liver function tests returned to normal.
Annals of Internal Medicine 103:634, October, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
RANITIDINE/HEPATITIS
Ranitidine (Zantac), given for ulcer disease, has been shown to
induce liver toxicity in several patients. A 65-year-old male who
was being treated for chronic duodenal ulcer developed lack of
appetite, fatigue, and muscular pain three weeks after being placed
on ranitidine. Liver function tests were abnormal. The patient was
taken off the medication and liver function tests returned to
normal. (Annals of Internal Medicine 103:634-635, October, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
ANTACIDS/DYSPEPSIA
Patients with dyspepsia (indigestion, upset stomach) often take
antacids in hope of relief. A study carried out in Sweden
demonstrated that neither cimetidine nor antacids were helpful in
these patients. (New England Journal of Medicine 314:339-43, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST CANCER/COLORECTAL CANCER
Women who have breast cancer appear to be at double the risk of
developing colorectal cancer. (Annals of Surgery 203(3)307-310,
1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
VINEGAR/GASTRIC MUCOSA
Vinegar irritates the gastric mucosa (Japanese Journal of
Pharmacology 41:101-108, 1986) ED - Many cases of gastritis and
peptic ulcer need look no further for the cause of their problem
than to vinegar (remember salad dressings!) Some other causes are
drinking little water, eating too fast and chewing food poorly,
eating between meals and at night, using irritating foods and
beverages, and smoking. Copyright Phylis Austin
SODIUM BICARBONATE (BAKING SODA)/STOMACH RUPTURE
A 43-year-old healthy man consumed about 30 g. of baking soda after
a meal of potatoes, pickled herring and aerated water. He
immediately experienced a feeling of fullness, and developed severe
abdominal pain. He had the sensation that something had "burst" in
his abdomen. He was rushed to the hospital and taken to surgery
where a 5 cm. tear in his stomach was found and repaired. He did
well for about a year when he developed fever and abdominal pain.
He was taken to surgery for removal of an abscess cavity which had
formed around a piece of potato peel. He developed a second
abscess during the postoperative period, but subsequently
recovered. (Acta Chir Scand Suppl 530:97-99, 1986) His problem
developed from the sudden release of large quantities of gas from
the baking soda and aerated water which ruptured his stomach. Copyright Phylis Austin
ALCOHOL/SMOKING/TEA/PRETERM DELIVERY
Pregnant women who consume more than two alcoholic beverages per
day have about a 3-fold risk of early delivery. Women who smoke
ten or more cigarettes daily are also more likely to deliver a
preterm infant. Women in this Yale University study who delivered
early were also likely to have consumed four or more cups of tea
per day. (Early Human Development 7:239-250, 1982) Early delivery
places an infant at a disadvantage, and sometimes initiates
lifelong health problems. Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/CHEMICALLY PROCESSED POLYUNSATURATED
FATS
A German study suggests that chemically processed, polyunsaturated
fats (e.g. shortening, margarine) may play a role in the
development of Crohn's disease. Researchers observed that as use
of chemically processed polyunsaturated fats increased, rates of
Crohn's disease increased, and that there are no areas of the world
with a high incidence of Crohn's disease and low use of chemically
processed polyunsaturated fats. Laboratory animals given
chemically processed polyunsaturated fats developed changes
consistent with the changes observed in the intestines of humans
with Crohn's disease. (Gastroenterology 90(5 Pt 2)1445, May 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
CONSTIPATION/BEDWETTING
Constipation may cause bedwetting in children. Treatment of the
constipation may cure the bedwetting. (American Journal of Diseases
of Childhood 140:260-261, March 1986) ED - It should be remembered
that constipating foods are meat, milk, eggs, cheese, sweets, white
flour products and white rice. Give children fewer animal products
and more fruit, brown bread and brown rice. Copyright Phylis Austin
FOOD ALLERGY/APHTHOUS ULCERS
Recurrent mouth ulcers may be due to food allergy, according to a
study carried out by the Department of Gastroenterology at two
Sheffield, England hospitals. Six of 15 patients had dramatic
response to a diet free of gluten, milk, and azo dyes from
preservatives. (British Medical Journal 292:1237-1238, May 10,
1986) It is possible that those who did not respond had allergies
to foods which had not been eliminated in this trial. Copyright Phylis Austin
COLITIS/NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS
The cause of ulcerative colitis is not yet understood, but symptoms
have been observed following the use of certain drugs, including
nearly all antibiotics, gold salts, phenindione, penicillamine,
methyl dopa, cimetidine and methotrexate. A variation of
inflammatory bowel disease has been observed with the use of oral
contraceptives.
A recent study reveals that non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory
drugs given for arthritis may cause colitis (inflammation of the
colon). The drugs specifically listed in this study included
flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid, naproxen and ibuprofen.
(Postgraduate Medical Journal 62:773-776, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
COFFEE/COLORECTAL CANCER
A study done at the University of California at San Diego revealed
that individuals who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have
a 2.5 increase in risk of colorectal cancer, when compared to
individuals who drink two or less cups a day. (American Journal of
Epidemiology 124(3)501, September 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
PORK/CIGARETTES/PANCREATIC CANCER
Cigarette smoking and the use of pork appear to be risk factors for
pancreatic cancer. (American Journal of Epidemiology 124(3)502,
September 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
COFFEE/GALLSTONES
The use of coffee as a breakfast may increase the risk of gallstone
formation. (Bollettino Della Societa Italiana di Biologia
Spermentale 61(8)1121-1128, 1985) Copyright Phylis Austin
ACETIC ACID/VINEGAR/STOMACH FUNCTION
A German study reveals that a solution of acetic acid (found in
vinegar) one-tenth normal strength decreases hydrochloric acid
secretion, lessens normal stomach motions, causes return of
material from the duodenum back into the stomach, and causes the
stomach to produce a watery secretion which diluted digestive
stomach fluid. (Medizinische Clinic, Berlin 20:997, July 20, 1924) Copyright Phylis Austin
L-TRYPTOPHAN/LIVER CHANGES
The use of L-tryptophan for insomnia may lead to liver changes. It
has commonly been felt that since L-tryptophan is a
naturally-occurring substance it would be free of adverse
side-effects, but the use of L-tryptophan for three consecutive
days has been shown sufficient to induce liver changes. The authors
suggest that the use of L-tryptophan for sleep be discontinued
until further research on side-effects can be carried out. (Journal
of Nutrition 116(6)1109-1115, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
LIVER CANCER/PESTICIDES
An Egyptian study reveals that farmers who have been exposed to
agricultural pesticides are at increased risk of developing a
malignancy of the liver, hepatic angiosarcoma. (Hepatogastroenterol
33:148-150, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
CHARCOAL CLOTH/VENOUS ULCERS
Charcoal cloth was used in the treatment of venous ulcers in an
attempt to control odors and edema. Researchers observed that the
cloth also increased healing rates. (The British Journal of
Clinical Practice 40(4)145-148, April, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
MILK/DUODENAL ULCERS
Still another study has reported an adverse effect of milk
administration on duodenal ulcers. It is known that milk stimulates
acid production. (British Medical Journal 293:666, September 13,
1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
ERYTHEMA NODOSUM/HEPATITIS B VACCINE
Erythema nodosum, a disease characterized by painful nodules and
lesions of the legs, may be induced by hepatitis B vaccine report
two physicians from the University of Massachusetts Medical School.
They report that a medical student developed tender red modules
after a hepatitis vaccine. Symptoms cleared over a 13-week period.
She received another vaccine and symptoms reappeared. (The Lancet
4:1042, November 1, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
SUSPENDERS/BELTS/GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCER
A New York physician, who observed that we loosen our belt to
relieve fullness and pressure after overeating began to wonder if
belts might play a role in the development of ulcers. He reports a
study of his patients who were divided into two groups. One group
was instructed to wear suspenders instead of a belt. The suspender
wearing group was free of all symptoms within seven weeks, and
later suffered fewer recurrences of their ulcers than did the belt
wearing group. The author concludes that belts may compress the
pylorus. (American Journal of the Medical Sciences 175:396, March
1928) Copyright Phylis Austin
TAMPON USE/VAGINAL ULCERATIONS
Tampons may lead to ulcerations of the vagina, and superabsorbent
tampons are a particular risk. These tiny ulcerations are more
likely to occur if a tampon is used sometime other than during a
menstrual period. (Obstetrics and Gynecology 55 (2)149-156, 1980) Copyright Phylis Austin
BLACK TEA/RECTAL CANCER
Black tea, tea made from leaves that have been withered prior to
rolling and drying, increases the risk of developing rectal cancer.
(British Journal of Cancer 54:677-683, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
SOAP ENEMAS/COLITIS
Soap enemas have been used for many years despite reports of
adverse effects. A recent report involved a 53-year-old man who
received soap enemas daily for five days. He developed rectal
pain and frequent bloody stools. On sigmoidoscopy he was found to
have severe colitis (inflammation of the colon). He improved after
the enemas were discontinued. The authors urge that soap enemas not
be used. (Southern Medical Journal 79(11)1459-1460, November, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
APPENDICITIS IN CHILDREN/DIET
A British study revealed that low water intake is a risk factor for
the development of appendicitis in children. (Journal of
Epidemiology and Community Health 41:316-318, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
PEPPER/GASTRIC BLEEDING/GASTRIC SECRETION
Pepper, both black and red, can cause gastric bleeding and increase
gastric secretion, according to Dr. Brent M. Myers, of the Veterans
Administration Medical Center in Houston, Texas (Internal Medicine
News 20(14)29, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
SHIFT WORK/PEPTIC ULCER
Shift workers have higher incidences of ulcers than do those who
work a regular daytime schedule. (Digestive Diseases and Sciences
32(5)449-453, May, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
RECTAL AND COLON SCOPES/AIDS VIRUS
Physicians who perform sigmoidoscopies or colonscopies in their
office may spread the AIDS virus if the scope is improperly cleaned
after examination of an AIDS patient. Most physicians do not have
the proper equipment in their office to clean the scopes. Gas
sterilization, which requires specialized apparatus, is most
effective, but is typically found only in hospitals. Most
endoscopists use glutaraldehyde, a common disinfectant, but the
American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommends that gas
sterilization be used after examination of an AIDS-infected
patient. However, flexible sigmoidoscopes will not tolerate the
heat of the pressure of gas sterilization, and must be cleaned with
glutaraldehyde. (Medical Tribune) Copyright Phylis Austin
VEGAN DIET/MENTAL STATUS/LIVER DISEASE
A study carried out in Sweden revealed that a vegan (animal-product
free) diet improved the mental status in a group of patients
suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. These patients were given
a vegan diet for one week, after which psychological tests were
carried out, and compared with tests given after one week of a
meat-containing diet. The researchers feel that a longer trial on
an animal protein-free diet may show greater mental improvement.
Other studies have revealed that patients on an animal protein-free
diet handle protein more efficiently despite their liver disease
(Clinical Nutrition 6:169-174, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
HIATUS HERNIA/AIR SWALLOWING
Many people who suffer heartburn and stomach pain in association
with a hiatus hernia, a protrusion of the stomach into the chest
cavity, may have a dramatic decrease in symptoms if they are taught
to avoid excessive air swallowing. This is basically a nervous
habit. (New Scientist, February 23, 1984) Copyright Phylis Austin
PEPPER/GASTRIC BLEEDING/GASTRIC SECRETION
Pepper, both black and red, can cause gastric bleeding and increase
gastric secretion, according to Dr. Brent M. Myers, of the Veterans
Administration Medical Center in Houston, Texas (Internal
Medicine News 20(14)29, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
CONSTIPATION/EXERCISE
A national survey of bowel habits reveals that women have bowel
problems more often than men, and physical inactivity is associated
with constipation. Blacks suffer constipation more frequently
than whites, with black males five times more likely to have
constipation than white males, and black females 2.4 times more
likely than white females. Inactive men had 15 times more
constipation than the physically active. (Internal Medicine News
20(16)14, August 15-31, 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA/FORCEPS DELIVERY
Two independent studies have revealed that epidural analgesia given
during labor increased rates of forceps delivery. A study from the
Medical College of Wisconsin revealed higher rates of low forceps,
midforceps and vacuum extraction delivery in women who had been
given epidural analgesia.
Infants born to mothers who had received epidural analgesia had
lower Apgar scores. It has previously been shown that infants born
by midforceps delivery have about a six point lower I.Q. score at
seven years of age, compared to those born by spontaneous vaginal
delivery (Obstetrics and Gynecology 69:770, 1987; Texas Medicine
83:45-47, April 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/PANCREATIC CANCER
Fried and grilled meats, other fried or grilled foods, margarine,
and cigarette smoking all increase the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Frequent use of fruits, particularly citrus fruit, and vegetables,
particularly carrots, decreased the risk. (America Journal of
Epidemiology 124(6)894-902, 1986) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST-FEEDING/INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Giving young infants cow's milk may be responsible for the later
development of inflammatory bowel disease according to a visiting
professor of pediatrics at Children's Hospital in Detroit,
Michigan. Dr. Aderbal Sabra told the World Congress of
Gastroenterology that breast-feeding may decrease the risk of later
development of inflammatory bowel disease. (Gastroterology and
Endoscopy News 38(3)5, March 1987) Copyright Phylis Austin
RECTAL BLEEDING IN BREAST-FED INFANT
A 21-day-old totally breast-fed infant developed rectal bleeding, colic, and eczema of the
face. When the researchers suggested that the baby's mother eliminate all dairy products
from her diet the infant's rectal bleeding and skin problems promptly resolved. (Acta
Paediatrica Scandanivaca 77:163-164, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin
COFFEE/SMOKING/PANCREATIC CANCER
Individuals who smoke and drink coffee are at increased risk of
developing pancreatic cancer according to a California study.
Previous studies have shown a relationship between coffee intake
and pancreatic cancer, but apparently smoking elevates the risk
even more. (Western Journal of Medicine 148:48-53, January 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin
ESTROGEN/GALLBLADDER DISEASE
Women who take estrogen are at increased risk of developing
gallbladder disease requiring gallbladder removal. A new study
demonstrates that the elevated risk remains even after the use of
estrogen is discontinued. (Gastroenterology 94:91-95, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin
BAKER'S YEAST/CROHN'S DISEASE
A yeast-free diet may be helpful to individuals who suffer from
Crohn's disease. A British study revealed that Crohn's sufferers
often have antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast).
(British Medical Journal 297:1105-1106, October 29, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin
CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA/FRUIT JUICE
Parents who urge their children to use excessive amounts of fruit
juices may induce chronic diarrhea, which may even retard growth.
Up to 15 percent of children suffer episodes of chronic non-
specific diarrhea, whose cause has not been understood.
Apple juice may contain as much sugar as a soft drink. Sorbitol,
a sugar in juice, is known to produce diarrhea and stomach cramps
if taken in large amounts. Dr. Robert Essenman, chief of pediatric
gastroenterology at the Hamilton, Ontario McMaster University
Medical Center, instructs parents to limit milk intake to no more
than 24 ounces a day, and fruit juice to 6 to 8 ounces. Water may
be taken freely. (Medical Tribune 29(19)12, July 14, 1988) Copyright Phylis Austin
CONSTIPATION/BEHAVIOR DISORDERS
A study from the Department of Pediatrics at the University of
Massachusetts reported that constipation or encopresis (stool
retention) may induce childhood behavior disorders. They observed
that in the group of children whose constipation was treated there
was improvement in the child's self-esteem, moods, anxiety and
irritability levels. (Pediatric Research 25(4 Pt. 2)11A, April,
1989) Copyright Phylis Austin
NYQUIL/LIVER INJURY
Nyquil contains acetaminophen, which may cause liver injury. This
popular cold remedy contains 1 g of acetaminophen per ounce, and 25
percent alcohol by volume; both substances are known to induce
liver damage. (The American Journal of Gastroenterology 84(4)422-
425, April, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIETING/GALLSTONES
Women who go on extremely low calorie diets (500-calories-a-day) in
an attempt to lose weight are at increased risk of developing
gallstones. (Archives of Internal Medicine 149:1750, August 1989)
This underscores that mild caloric restriction combined with
physical exercise is the most healthful way to reduce weight. Copyright Phylis Austin
COLORECTAL CANCER/DIET
A study from France revealed a significant relationship between the
intake of fresh meat, dairy products and cereals, and the low
intake of cruciferous vegetables, and colorectal cancer. (Inter-
national Journal of Cancer 45:69-76, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
FLUORIDE/GASTRIC MUCOSA
Children's teeth are often treated with fluoride in an attempt to
reduce the incidence of cavities. Fluoride is now being used in
the treatment of osteoporosis. Both of these uses may lead to
damage to the lining of the stomach, according to a study from
Sweden. Nausea and vomiting often occur when fluoride is given in
the treatment of osteoporosis. These researchers report that
"fairly low concentrations" of fluoride are sufficient to cause
damage to the gastric mucosa. (British Medical Journal 298:1686,
June 24, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin
CHAPARRAL LEAF/HEPATITIS
A 33-year-old woman began taking Chaparral leaf (Larrea tridentata)
tablets for a benign breast lump. She developed retrosternal pain,
nausea, loss of appetite, fatigue, and swelling of her feet. The
woman became so ill she was admitted to a hospital where she was
diagnosed to have a subacute liver necrosis (cell death). She
improved when she discontinued the use of the herbal preparation.
Chaparral leaf is also recommended for the treatment of colds, flu,
urinary tract infections, and diarrhea, and may be applied to the
scalp in the treatment of dandruff. (Journal of Clinical
Gastroenterology 12(2)203-206, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/FOOD ALLERGY
A study suggests that the intake of baker's and brewer's yeast may
contribute to Crohn's disease. (Gut 31:536-538, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
SUGAR INTAKE/DUODENAL ULCER
A diet low in refined sugar may decrease one's chances of
developing duodenal ulcer according to a recent study from the
University of Nottingham. Earlier studies have shown an
association between sugar intake and Crohn's disease. (Gut 31:993-
996, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY/GALLSTONES
Patients who undergo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for
gallstones are at greater risk of recurrence than are those who
undergo surgical treatment. (Chinese Medical Journal 103:443-446,
1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
LIVER ABNORMALITIES/WEIGHT REDUCTION
A group of overweight patients who had abnormal laboratory results
for liver function showed improvement with weight loss. Abnormal
liver function tests may subject the patient to unnecessary stress,
loss of life insurance, unnecessary testing and perhaps even liver
biopsy. (Gastroenterology 99:1408-1413, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
PEPTIC ULCERS/ALLERGY
Some types of peptic ulcer may be due to allergy according to a
recent report from Poland. A study 1,000 patients suffering from
peptic ulcers revealed that many of them had ulcer recurrences
after exposure to substances to which they were allergic. The most
common allergens in the study group were milk, house dust, grass
pollen, Aspergillus, wheat, tomato, and cockroach. (Clinical and
Experimental Allergy 20(Suppl 1)67, July 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
FEAR/OVEREATING
If you are trying to lose weight avoid frightening movies and
television programs. A study from the University of Health
Sciences-Chicago Medical School revealed that fright caused people
to overeat. The study revealed that frightening movies caused
people to eat more popcorn, while travelogues did not stimulate
eating. (Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99(3)317-320, August 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
ROCKING/GAS PAINS
Women who undergo cesarean section deliveries often have very
severe gas pains on the second or third day after surgery. A
recent study from Galveston, Texas, indicates that rocking may be
helpful in the relief of this problem. They noted that women who
rocked in a rocking chair for at least 60 minutes a day had less
gas pain, walked sooner, and left the hospital one day sooner than
non-rocking mothers. It may be that rocking will be found to be
helpful for gas pains which occur after other types of surgery.
(Journal of Perinatal Nursing 4(3)12-24, December 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLBLADDER REMOVAL/COLON CANCER
Removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) apparently increases
the risk of colon cancer. It is felt that changes in bile
metabolism may be responsible for this increased risk. (Cancer
66:2249-2252, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST FEEDING/DELIVERY ROOM
Delivery room routines may have a marked influence on the success
of the first breast-feeding session according to a study from
Sweden. One group of infants in the study group were treated in
the routine manner, being taken from their mothers about 20 minutes
after birth for weighing, measuring, and other nursing functions.
The other group of infants were allowed to lie naked on their
mother's abdomen for an hour after birth. Infants in the
uninterrupted contact group began searching for the mother's breast
about 20 minutes after birth, and most of them nursed for the first
time about 50 minutes after birth. This group of infants had a
higher percentage of infants who had the correct sucking technique,
decreasing later breast feeding problems.
The authors of the study also noted that pethidine hydrochloride
had an adverse effect on the infant's ability to nurse. They
caution that drugs used during labor be carefully evaluated. (The
Lancet 336:1105-1107, November 3, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/SURGERY/LITHOTRIPSY
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has recently been introduced
in the treatment of gallstones. Advocates of this method report
that it is less expensive and requires less time in the hospital.
Patients undergoing lithotripsy return to work sooner. However,
follow-up studies of those who undergo lithotripsy show that they
are more likely to have recurrence of their gallstones and
hematuria (blood in the urine) is common following lithotripsy.
The patient should be carefully informed as to the advantages and
disadvantages of each method if treatment is required. (Archives of
Surgery 125:710-4, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/RECTAL CANCER
The use of a diet containing more than 5 percent saturated fats,
beef, pork, poultry, bacon, nitrate-treated products, and a low
fiber intake increase the risk of rectal cancer according to the
Institute of Epidemiology of the School of Medicine in Visegradska,
Yugoslavia. (Anticancer Research 10(5B)1456, September-October
1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
ANTACIDS/FOOD SUPPLEMENTS/DIARRHEA
People who take large amounts of antacids or magnesium supplements
may develop chronic diarrhea. This should be considered before
undergoing extensive work-up for diarrhea. (The New England Journal
of Medicine 324:1012-1207, April 11, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS/PEPTIC ULCER
DISEASE
The risk of serious ulcer disease is elevated in people using
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This group of medications
includes such products as ibuprofen. This may be a particular
hazard for elderly people. (Annals of Internal Medicine 114(4)257-
263, February 15, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/COLORECTAL CANCER/GASTRIC CANCER
A recent investigation has shown a possible relationship between
gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and gallstones. The authors of
the study suggest that the relationship is based on a similar
causative factor, perhaps dietary fat. (Cancer 67:1696-1700, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/CONSTIPATION
Slow colon transit time may contribute to the development of
gallstones by increasing the saturation of bile. (Gut 32(10)
A1210, October 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
INFANT FORMULA/NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS
Two ingredients, sugar and casein, often found in infant formulas,
may lead to necrotizing enterocolitis, an inflammation of the colon
and small intestine. This disease is sometimes fatal, and may
affect as many as 8,000 United States infants every year. It is
the second leading cause of death in premature infants.
The undigested sugar ferments in the infant's intestine, and
produces inflammation which may damage the intestinal lining. If
the inflammation is severe enough the intestine may actually
rupture.
Symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis include bloody diarrhea,
distention of the abdomen, low body temperature, fatigue, and
appetite loss.
David A. Clark, M.D., from Louisiana State University Medical
Center who reported his findings at the American Academy of
Pediatrics meeting, says that hospitals will probably continue
giving the formula to premature infants because there is no
satisfactory alternative. (Medical Tribune 32(23)6, November 14,
1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/DIETARY YEAST
A study from Dundee, Scotland, reports that the elimination of
dietary yeast from the dietary of Crohn's disease patients resulted
in improvement of symptoms. (Clinical Nutrition 10(Suppl 2)45,
1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
ASCITES/LIVER DISEASE
Liver disease often produces ascites (the abnormal accumulation of
fluid in the abdominal cavity) and edema, which may not respond to
drug therapy. Six patients, ranging in age from 39-58 years, were
unable to get around because of the extensive ascites. They were
placed in a water bath with water up to their neck from one to
three hours daily, depending on their tolerance. The water
temperature was kept at about 33 C., and they were given a low salt
diet, fluid restriction, and diuretics. All had improvement over
a seven day period, with increased mobility, weight loss, and
improvement in mood. (Physiotherapy 77(8)571-572, August 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
EATING BETWEEN MEALS/OVERWEIGHT
Between meal snacks may be making a significant impact on obesity.
Snacks produce a sensation of satisfaction for less than an hour,
and do not decrease food intake at the next meal. Because foods
eaten between meals are often high in fats or calories they may
lead to a very high daily caloric intake. A 1989 follow-up of
individuals who had participated in a weight control program showed
that only those who refrained from between meals eating maintained
their weight loss. (Appetite 17(2)161, October 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
CATS/GASTRITIS
A recently identified form of gastroenteritis may be transmitted
from cats and pigs to man, according to a report from the
University of Iowa College of Medicine. (Gastroenterology 102(4
Part 2)A651, April 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
HERBS/LIVER DISEASE
Germander, a herb recommended by some for weight loss, may cause
hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver. (Annals of Internal
Medicine 117:129-123, 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
ULCERATIVE COLITIS/CARRAGEENAN
Hydrolyzed carrageenan, found in many prepared foods, induced
ulcerative colitis-like changes in the colon of laboratory animals.
(Gastroenterology 102(4 Part 2)A699, April 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
BLOOD COLLECTION/HEPATITIS B
Spring-loaded fingerstick devices used to obtain blood samples for
testing may spread the Hepatitis B virus. (New England Journal of
Medicine 326: 721-5, March 12, 1992) The researchers admit that
there is a possibility that the AIDS virus could also be spread in
this manner. Copyright Phylis Austin
DELIVERY POSITION
Women in labor often have pain relief by a change in position.
Women who give birth in a hospital setting may be placed flat on
the back, in a position comfortable for the physician, but
uncomfortable for the woman. A study on position during labor and
delivery revealed a lower incidence of episiotomy in women who
deliver in the standing, squatting, or hands and knees position.
Some have suggested that this lower incidence occurred because it
was less convenient for the health care provider to perform the
episiotomy, so it was not done.
A study done by a Vermont midwife suggests that the hands and
knees position may be of great benefit to the laboring woman. Jane
M. Gannon, CNM, MSN, reviewed the cases of 21 of their patients who
had delivered in the hands and knees positions and observed that
none of them had undergone episiotomies. While some of the women
did suffer lacerations the incidence of lacerations was no greater
than the rate of episiotomy in a comparison group.
Mrs. Gannon suggests that delivery in the hands and knees
position may decrease perineal injury and may increase space
between the fetus and the vaginal walls making descent of the
infant easier. Furthermore, the hands and knees position may take
pressure off the vena cava, improving blood flow to the umbilicus
and placenta. Shoulder delivery may also be easier with the woman
in a hands and knees position, and some obstetricians routinely use
this maneuver to assist in the rotation of a fetus in the posterior
position.
Mrs. Gannon reports that the woman should assume the hands and
knees position when the head begins to remain visible at the
introitus. Pelvic expansion and relaxation is increased by having
the knees slightly more than shoulder width apart. The woman
should be given something to rest her upper body against for
support. (Journal of Nurse Midwifery 37(1)48-52, January-February
1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
APPENDECTOMY/PIG EXPOSURE
A study of pig farmers and slaughterhouse workers revealed that
more slaughterhouse workers and pig farmers had undergone
appendectomy than had a comparison group of grain or berry farmers.
The researchers observed that exposure to Yersinia bacteria, common
in pigs, may be a risk factor for appendicitis. (British Medical
Journal 303:345-346, August 10, 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROENTERITIS/FROZEN BANANAS
Individuals suffering from gastroenteritis, (irritation of the
lining of the stomach and intestine), which produces abdominal
pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever, may benefit from frozen
bananas. Dr. Danny Rader of Charleston, West Virginia, suggests
that bananas be peeled, placed in plastic bags, and frozen. Bananas
have been used in the treatment of diarrhea for decades, and are
high in potassium, which is lost in diarrhea. (Cortlandt Forum
5(8)56, August 1992) Blend them in the blender and administer a
pleasant medicine. Copyright Phylis Austin
VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTS/LIVER INJURY
Intake of vitamin A supplements in the recommended dose of 5,000 U
may cause liver damage. (American Journal of Medicine 93:703-704,
December 1992) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/DEAD SEA
Crohn's disease patients often suffer perianal fistulae (an
abnormal passage or duct from a cavity or abscess in the anus).
These fistulae have been treated with hyperbaric oxygen, which
improves oxygenation to the area. Physicians in Israel wondered if
Crohn's disease patients would benefit from treatment at the Dead
Sea, where oxygen pressures are increased. They sent six patients
there, where they were instructed in diet, physical activity, and
bathing in the Dead Sea. All of the patients in the study received
benefit from the time at the Dead Sea. Two of the patients who had
been on high doses of corticosteroids were able to stop all
medications, and one of the chronic fistulae healed completely.
(Gastroenterology 104(4)A701, April 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
ASTHMA/PRETERM LABOR AND DELIVERY
Women who suffer asthma and utilize asthma medications during
pregnancy are at increased risk of preterm labor. (Epidemiology
4(2)143-150, March 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
ASPIRIN/APPENDICITIS
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including aspirin,
may increase the risk of appendicitis according to a study from
Scotland. A study of 84 patients, all over 50 years of age,
revealed that 37 percent of appendicitis sufferers were currently
using NSAIDs, compared to 11 percent of control cases. The white
blood cell count in NSAID users with appendicitis was significantly
higher than in those who were not using them. (Gastroenterology
104(5)1571-1573, May 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
HELICOBACTER PYLORI GASTRITIS/DIET/CHILDREN
Children are at increased risk of suffering Helicobacter pylori
gastritis (inflammation of the lining of the stomach) if they eat
beef or use carbonated beverages. (Gastroenterology 104(4 Pt 2)A,
32, 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREASTFEEDING/CROHN'S DISEASE/ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Infants who are breast-fed, particularly those who are breast-fed
for several months, are less likely to develop Crohn's disease or
ulcerative colitis later in life. (Annals of Epidemiology 3:389-
392, 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
ULCERATIVE COLITIS/CROHN'S DISEASE/MILK ALLERGY
A surprising number of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
sufferers are allergic to lactose and/or milk. (Gastroenterology
104(4 pt 2)A1052, 1993) A milk-free diet may bring these
individuals great relief. Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/BAKER'S YEAST
A reaction to bakers yeast may cause or contribute to symptoms of
Crohn's disease. Earlier studies have shown that Crohn's disease
patients have a higher incidence of allergic reaction to baker's
yeast than non-Crohn's sufferers. The elimination of baker's yeast
may be helpful to Crohn's sufferers. (Gastroenterology 104(4 Pt
2)A806, April 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
ANTIBIOTICS/LIVER INFLAMMATION
Three types of antibiotics (tetracyclines, erythromycins and
sulfonamides) may cause hepatitis (liver inflammation).
Sulfonamides were most likely to induce liver inflammation, and
tetracyclines the least. Because of the large numbers of
antibiotics given in this country this may be a much more
significant health care problem than we understand.
Isoniazid and rifampicin, both given in the treatment of
tuberculosis, were also shown to be capable of inducing liver
inflammation. (Medical Abstracts Newsletter 13(11)1, November 1993;
Annals of Internal Medicine 119:576-583, October 1, 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
NIACIN/LIVER DAMAGE
Niacin (nicotinic acid), a B-complex vitamin, is sometimes given to
lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Users should be aware
that niacin may cause hepatotoxicity (damaging the liver cells),
hyperuricemia (abnormally high levels of uric acid in the urine,
and hyperglycemia (high levels of glucose in the blood. A recent
report described a case of life-threatening hyperglycemia
attributed to niacin therapy.
Niacin-associated flushing is apparently a common adverse effect.
Even though niacin is readily available the user should be aware of
the side-effects. (Medical Archives Newsletter, November 1993;
Archives of Internal Medicine 153:2050-2052, September 13, 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/SURGERY
A study from Sweden suggests that patients with gallstones who are
not having symptoms may safely be followed, without subjecting them
to immediate surgery. Most patients have no increase in
complications if surgery is delayed. (Gastroenterology 104(4)A376,
April 1993) Copyright Phylis Austin
BREAST FEEDING/DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is a major health problem in many low-income areas of the
world. Breast feeding has been shown to be helpful in the
prevention and treatment of diarrhea in young children. A recent
study from the Philippines demonstrated that adding even water,
tea, or other fluids to the diet of breastfeeding infants increases
their risk of developing diarrhea. (Pediatrics 86(6)874-882,
December 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
RELAXATION/DIGESTION
A study conducted at Temple University in Philadelphia reveals that
what you think about while you eat may be as important to good
digestion as how well you chew your food. A group of students who
meditated during their meals were compared with a group who did
mental arithmetic during meals. The relaxation group had higher
saliva production, higher pH levels of the saliva, and higher
enzyme levels. These enzymes participate in carbohydrate digestion.
Lack of salvia hinders digestion. (American Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 49:97-105, 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin
EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA/BACKACHE AFTER DELIVERY
Many women suffer backache after having epidural anesthesia during
childbirth. This backache may persist for over a year. This study
suggests that 8 out of every 100 women who have epidural anesthesia
develop backache, which may become chronic. (British Medical
Journal 301:9-12, July 7, 1990) Copyright Phylis Austin
STRESS/CROHN'S DISEASE
Some Crohn's disease sufferers have worsening of their symptoms in
reaction to stress. (Journal of Behavioral Medicine 14(1)87, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
FORCEPS DELIVERY/BRUXISM/TMJ PAIN
Children who are delivered with the use of forceps have greater
incidences of bruxism (teeth grinding) and temporomandibular joint
discomfort than do children delivered without the use of forceps.
(Pediatric Dentistry 11(3)193, September 1989) Copyright Phylis Austin
TURMERIC/LEG ULCERS
Turmeric is known to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory
properties. Researchers from the Division of Plastic Surgery at
the University of Mississippi Medical Center applied turmeric to
leg ulcers which had not responded to treatment. The turmeric was
followed by wet-to-dry dressings and compression wraps three times
a day. All patients in the study demonstrated healing of their leg
ulcers. (Clinical Research 42(2)233A, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
ELECTIVE REPEAT CESAREAN DELIVERY
Vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) has a success rate of
about 75 percent. Women who successfully deliver vaginally have
shorter hospital stays, require fewer postpartum transfusions, and
suffer fewer postpartum fevers than women who undergo repeat
cesarean section. (Obstetrics and Gynecology 83:927-932, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
OVEREATING/FETAL MOVEMENTS
Infants of pregnant women who over ate during the holiday season
showed that the infants, as well as the mothers, became sluggish
from overeating. Fetal movements decreased following maternal
overeating. (The Lancet 337:252, January 26, 1991) Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE/EXERCISE
Hospital admissions for gastrointestinal hemorrhage are about five
times more frequent in persons over 65 years of age than in younger
persons. A study from Rome, Italy, indicates that physical
exercise reduces the risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Such
activities as walking, gardening, or vigorous exercises decreased
the incidence in elderly persons. However, vigorous exercise
afforded no more benefit than did walking. (Journal of the American
Medical Association 272(8)595-599 August 24-31, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/DIETARY FAT
Forty-four Crohn's disease patients were placed on a low fat diet
and compared to 48 patients on a high fat diet. Thirty-eight of
the low fat group remained in remission during the course
of the study, while forty of the forty-eight in the high fat diet
group suffered a disease flare during the two-year study. The
researchers concluded that dietary fat promotes Crohn's disease
flares. (Gut 35(Supplement 4)A122, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
SLEEP/OVEREATING
Inadequate sleep may lead to overeating. Eating apparently creates
the illusion that one is less fatigued. Unfortunately, this false
illusion may lead to weight problems, as it does not address
the real problem -- lack of sleep. (Bottom Line Personal 15(24)5,
December 15, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
IRON/PRETERM DELIVERY
Pregnant women with high serum ferritin concentrations are at
increased risk of early preterm spontaneous delivery, according to
a report from the Departments of Nutrition Sciences and Obstetrics
and Gynecology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. They
concluded that serum ferritin levels can be used to predict early
preterm delivery. (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61(4)911,
April 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin
GALLSTONES/CURCUMIN/CAPSAICIN
Cholesterol gallstones regressed in laboratory animals given a diet
containing 0.5 percent curcumin or 5 mg percent capsaicin for 10
weeks. Eighty percent of the animals showed gallstone regression
after ten weeks.
Cholesterol also decreased during the study period. (Nutrition
Research 14(10)1561-1574, 1994) Curcumin is in turmeric and
capsaicin is in cayenne or red pepper. Copyright Phylis Austin
CROHN'S DISEASE/ANTIBIOTICS
Crohn's disease was a relatively uncommon disease until the 1950s,
but has shown a dramatic increase since then. This increase in
incidence has paralleled the increase in the use of antibiotics. A
study from Germany points out that antibiotics may stimulate
bacteria to produce toxins or may make them invasive. (Hepato-
Gastroenterology 41:549-551, 1994) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/DUODENAL ULCER
A diet high in fiber and vitamin A may reduce the incidence of
duodenal ulcer. (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61(4)897,
April 1995) Copyright Phylis Austin
LIVER TOXICITY/KOMBUCHA MUSHROOM
The so-called Kombucha "mushroom" is widely touted as a treatment or cure for a wide
variety of diseases. The flat, round, gray fungus is fermented to prepare a "tea." There have
been several reported cases of liver toxicity in Kombucha users. During the fermentation
process such substances as alcohol, glucuronic acid, chondroitin sulfate acid, hyaluronic acid,
and lactic acid are produced. (Annals of Emergency Medicine 26(5)660-661, November
1995) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/GALLSTONES
Gallstones are common in Western society, with an incidence rate
as high as 10 to 20 percent of the population. The role of diet in
gallstone production has been a subject of much controversy. A
recent study from Spain attempted to sort out this confusion.
In their study group the gallstone patients consumed less fish
and fruit than did control subjects. They used more refined
cereals, oils, sugars and meats than did the control subjects.
They spent less time walking and slept more than the controls.
They consumed more total calories and more fats, and less
magnesium, folate and fiber than controls. (Journal of the
American College of Nutrition 16(1)88-95, 1997) Copyright Phylis Austin
DIET/DUODENAL ULCER
A diet high in fruits, vegetables and vitamin A reduces the risk
of duodenal ulcer according to a Harvard study. Dr. Meir Stampfer
and his group followed over 47,000 men over a six-year period and
documented 138 new duodenal ulcer cases. The men in the study
group who did not have duodenal ulcer consumed more fruits and
vegetables than did the ulcer subjects. Earlier studies have
suggested a beneficial effect of fiber in the treatment of duodenal
ulcers; fruits and vegetables are good sources of dietary fiber and
vitamin A.
It is known that Helicobacter pylori infection increases the
risk of duodenal ulcer, but whether it requires an additional
factor to produce an ulcer or whether the fruits and vegetables
protect from Helicobacter pylori is not yet understood. (American
Journal of Epidemiology 145:42-50, 1997) Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING/ASPIRIN
Buffered or enteric-coated aspirin are often advocated as a
method to administer aspirin without the risk of producing
gastrointestinal bleeding. A review from the School of Public
Health and Boston University School of Medicine indicates that this
may not be the case. Low doses of buffered or enteric-coated
aspirin produced a three-fold increase in the rate of major upper
gastrointestinal bleeding. (Lancet 348:1413-1416, 1996) Copyright Phylis Austin
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX/LYING DOWN AFTER MEALS
Even persons who have no history of gastroesophageal reflux
suffer it if they go to bed soon after eating a meal. Eating just
before sleep may encourage the development of gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD). GERD may cause coughing, sore throat, or
hoarseness. (Medical Tribune, June 5, 1997, p. 6) Copyright Phylis Austin
WALKING DURING LABOR/SURGICAL DELIVERY
Still another study shows that women who are allowed to walk
during labor are less likely to undergo surgical delivery of their
infants. Women in this study group who walked had half the
surgical delivery rate of those who did not walk freely. (Journal
of Nurse-Midwifery 42(1)4-8, January/February 1997) Copyright Phylis Austin